Principle of molecular sieve adsorption
Molecular sieve is a porous aluminosilicate crystal, also called zeolite. There are natural ones and synthetic ones. Molecular sieve is a hydrated aluminosilicate with many uniform pores. These pores, which are uniform in size and are on the order of molecular size, are interconnected. These cavities are usually occupied by adsorbed water and crystal water, while macromolecules are excluded from the cavities. Therefore, it is called molecular sieve.
It has strong adsorption capacity for polarized molecules and polarizable molecules. Water is a highly polarized molecule, its molecular diameter is twice smaller than the pore size of molecular sieves, and it is easily adsorbed by molecular sieves. All molecular sieves are excellent adsorbents.
Regeneration of molecular sieves
The adsorption of water molecules by molecular sieves is an exothermic process, which means that heat is released during the adsorption process. This process is reversible, and the adsorbed water molecules can be desorbed by heating, so that the molecular sieve can be regenerated and its adsorption capacity can be restored.
There are two basic methods for regeneration of molecular sieves:
1) Change the temperature. It removes adsorbed substances by heating molecular sieves. In industry, preheated regeneration gas is generally used to heat, purge the molecular sieve to 200-350°C, and take away the desorbed adsorbates.
2) Change the relative pressure. After the adsorbent reaches saturation with the adsorbed water, the pressure is quickly reduced to atmospheric pressure. At this time, the adsorbed water will desorb by itself and the adsorbent can be regenerated. This method requires no additional heat input.
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